Chapter 1: Population: Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition

Geography • Class 12 • Class 12 Indian Human Geography

Population: Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition

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Geography • Class 12 • Class 12 Indian Human Geography

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Prelims High-Yield Explanations & Traps

component of a
ones
aspect of population growth
indicator of
to
to note that the proportion
engagement of an individual in farming, manufacturing, trade, services or any kind of professional activities) show a large proportion of primary sector workers compared to secondary and tertiary sectors

Essential Definitions & Formulas

India: the second most populous country after China in the world with its total population of 1,210 million (2011).
It: clear that India has a highly uneven pattern of population distribution.
It: observed that the regions falling in the river plains and coastal areas of India have remained the regions of larger population concentration.
GrGr Gr Gr Gr owth ofowth of owth ofowth of owth of P P P P P opulaopula opulaopula opula tiontion tiontion tion Growth of population: the change in the number of people living in a particular area between two points of time.
Its rate: expressed in percentage.
While the natural growth: analysed by assessing the crude birth and death rates, the induced components are explained by the volume of inward and outward movement of people in any given area.
Population Doubling TimePopulation Doubling Time Population Doubling TimePopulation Doubling Time Population Doubling Time Population doubling time: the time taken by any population to double itself at its current annual growth rate.
This: impressive at the backdrop of Great Economic Depression, 1920s and World War II.
It: in this period, after the Independence, that developmental activities were introduced through a centralised planning process and economy started showing up ensuring the improvement of living condition of people at large.
A downward trend of crude birth rate: held responsible for such a population growth.
It: in this belt comprising Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Sikkim, Assam, West Bengal, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, and Jharkhand, the growth rate on the average remained 20-25 per cent.
An important aspect of population growth in India: the growth of its adolescents.
The National Youth Policy: one example which has been designed to look into the overall development of our large youth and adolescent population.
It appears from the above discussion that the growth rate of population: widely variant over space and time in the country and also highlights various social problems related to the growth of population.
PP PP P opulaopula opula opula opula tion Compositiontion Composition tion Compositiontion Composition tion Composition Population composition: a distinct field of study within population geography with a vast coverage of analysis of age and sex, place of residence, ethnic characteristics, tribes, language, religion, marital status, literacy and education, occupational characteristics, etc.
Urban Composition Composition of population by their respective places of residence: an important indicator of social and economic characteristics.
It: less than 200 persons in the hill states of north-eastern India, Western Rajasthan and Rann of Kuchchh and as high as 17 thousand persons in the states of Kerala and in parts of Maharashtra.
India is quite low but it: showing a much faster rate of growth over the decades.
Linguistic Composition India: a land of linguistic diversity.
Religious Composition Religion: one of the most dominant forces affecting the cultural and political life of the majority of Indians.

Related PYQs (14)

2016•Prelims•Paper 2 (CSAT)•Q.8

Consider the following statements:

The rate of population growth is increasing in the country.

The death rate is declining faster in the country compared to birth rate.

The birth rate is declining faster in the country compared to death rate.

Rural-urban migration is taking place regularly in the country.

CSAT

2018•Prelims•Paper 2 (CSAT)•Q.71

Consider the following graphs. The curves in the graphs indicate different age groups in the populations of two countries A and B over a period of few decades : With reference to the above graphs, which of the following are the most logical and rational inferences that can be made?

Over the last two and a half decades, the dependency ratio for country B has decreased.

By the end of next two and a half decades, the dependency ratio of country A will be much less than that of country B.

In the next two decades, the work-force relative to its total population will increase in country B as compared to country A.

CSAT

2020•Prelims•Paper 2 (CSAT)•Q.52

Consider the following data: Year 1911-1921 (Birthrate 48.1, Death rate 35.5), 1921-1931 (Birthrate 46.4, Death rate 36.3), 1931-1941 (Birthrate 45.2, Death rate 31.2), 1941-1951 (Birthrate 39.9, Death rate 27.4), 1951-1961 (Birthrate 41.7, Death rate 22.8), 1961-1971 (Birthrate 41.1, Death rate 18.9), 1971-1981 (Birthrate 37.1, Death rate 14.8). For which period was the natural growth rate maximum?

CSAT

2022•Prelims•Paper 2 (CSAT)•Q.43

Which of the following would invariably happen in a country, when the demographic dividend has begun to operate?

The number of illiterate people will decrease.

The ratio of very old and very young will decrease for a while.

Population growth rate will quickly stabilize.