Chapter 9: Traders, Kings and Pilgrims

History • Class 6 • Class 6 Our Past I

Traders, Kings and Pilgrims

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History • Class 6 • Class 6 Our Past I

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Prelims High-Yield Explanations & Traps

port on the east coast:
Puhar or
ruler of
matters
the similarities and
DATES
from the time of the Guptas
one who possesses and shares bhaga, literally good fortune or bliss

Essential Definitions & Formulas

Here: one which describes the goods brought into Puhar, an important port on the east coast: “(Here are brought) Swift, prancing horses by sea in ships, Bales of black pepper in carts, Gems and gold born in the Himalayas, Sandalwood born in the western hills, The pearls of the southern seas And corals from the eastern oceans The yield of the Ganga and the crops from the Kaveri, Foodstuffs from Sri Lanka, pottery from Myanmar, And other rare and rich imports.
New kingdoms along the coastsNew kingdoms along the coasts New kingdoms along the coastsNew kingdoms along the coasts New kingdoms along the coasts The southern half of the subcontinent: marked by a long coastline, and with hills, plateaus, and river valleys.
Kaveri: the most fertile.
This: a Tamil word meaning three chiefs, used for the heads of three 2020-21 © NCERT not to be republished 93 n ruling families, the Cholas, Cheras, and Pandyas (see Map 7, page 105), who became powerful in south India around 2300 years ago.
Making silk: a complicated process.
This: how he describes the sea: “The sea itself is boundless in extent — it is impossible to know east or west, except by observing the sun, moon, or stars in their motions.
If it: dark, rainy weather, the only plan is to steer by the wind.
This: how he describes it: “The teachers are men of the highest ability and talent.
Bhakti: generally understood as a person’s devotion to his or her chosen deity.
The idea of Bhakti: present in the Bhagavad Gita, a sacred book of the Hindus, which is included in the Mahabharata (see Chapter 11).
This magnificent statue: of a special form of Vishnu, the Varaha or boar.
Here the earth: shown as a woman.
Bhakti: directed towards Bhagavat, which is often translated as god, but also means one who possesses and shares bhaga, literally good fortune or bliss.
This: part of a poem composed in Tamil by Appar, a devotee of Shiva, who lived about 1400 years ago.
The man who: regarded as low by the brahmin, even the scavenger .
This inscription: of a special kind known as a prashasti, a Sanskrit word, meaning ‘in praise of’.
He: also described as equal to the gods.