Prelims High-Yield Explanations & Traps

• changes
• differences
• historical change, and that there were
• in order
• source for historians
• offices of the state at the centre
• city only in the twelfth century
• commercial centre
• words and passages
• political offices in the kingdom
• to remember that large parts of the

Essential Definitions & Formulas

The study of time

made somewhat easier by dividing the past into large segments – periods – that possess shared characteristics.

It

a work of the Rashtrakuta period.

The most frequently mentioned tax

vetti, taken not in cash but in the form of forced labour, and kadamai, or land revenue.

This

a set of copper plates recording a grant of land made by a ruler in the ninth century, written partly in Sanskrit and partly in Tamil.

The ring holding the plates together

secured with the royal seal, to indicate that this is an authentic document.

What was given with the land This

part of the Tamil section of a land grant given by the Cholas: We have demarcated the boundaries of the land by making earthen embankments, as well as by planting thorny bushes.

This

what the land contains: fruit-bearing trees, water, land, gardens and orchards, trees, wells, open spaces, pasture- land, a village, anthills, platforms, canals, ditches, rivers, silt-laden land, tanks, granaries, fish ponds, bee hives, and deep lakes.

He should ensure that water

not wasted, and that embankments are built.

One of the best known of such rulers

Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, Afghanistan.

Notice how carefully it

decorated.

A sluice gate is traditionally a wood or metal barrier which

commonly used to control water levels and flow rates in rivers and canals.

All those who wish to become members of the sabha should be owners of land from which land revenue

collected.

Do you think the circle of justice

an appropriate term to describe the relationship between the king and his subjects? AB C D 2021-22 33 Keep the following additional details in mind: (1) the authors of tawarikh lived in cities (mainly Delhi) and hardly ever in villages.

Her title

interesting: it comes from “didi” or “elder sister”, an obviously affectionate term given to a loved ruler by her subjects.

II The Masjid A mosque

called a masjid in Arabic, literally a place where a Muslim prostrates in reverence to Allah.

In India this

to the west.

This

called the qibla.

Client Someone who

under the protection of another; a dependent or hanger-on.

Wise men have said that a worthy and experienced slave

better than a son .

It

important to remember that large parts of the subcontinent remained outside the control of the Delhi Sultans.

NCERT Thought Questions

• whether and for how long
• more about taxes that are collected at present. Are these in cash, kind, or labour services?

Related PYQs (10)