Prelims High-Yield Explanations & Traps

• dates
• new territories on its western
• question of today’s meeting: How
• role in
• French Romantic
• role in developing nationalist
• Prussian ministers including the chief
• to engender national feeling

Essential Definitions & Formulas

A vision of a society that is so ideal that it

unlikely to actually exist In what way do you think this print (Fig.

She

followed by the peoples of Germany, bearing the black, red and gold flag.

What

a Nation?’ In a lecture delivered at the University of Sorbonne in 1882, the French philosopher Ernst Renan (1823-92) outlined his understanding of what makes a nation.

What

a Nation?’).

In this essay Renan criticises the notion suggested by others that a nation

formed by a common language, race, religion, or territory: ‘A nation is the culmination of a long past of endeavours, sacrifice and devotion.

A nation

therefore a large-scale solidarity .

Its existence

a daily plebiscite .

A province

its inhabitants; if anyone has the right to be consulted, it is the inhabitant.

The existence of nations

a good thing, a necessity even.

Their existence

a guarantee of liberty, which would be lost if the world had only one law and only one master.

Accompanying the illustration

the slogan: ‘The people must seize their own freedom!’ Rebmann lived in the city of Mainz and was a member of a German Jacobin group.

The subject of this colour print by the German painter Karl Kaspar Fritz

the occupation of the town of Zweibrücken by the French armies.

This

a sarcastic reference to the claim of the French as being liberators who opposed monarchy in the territories they entered.

Napoleon here

represented as a postman on his way back to France after he lost the battle of Leipzig in 1813.

The aim of the zollverein

to bind the Germans economically into a nation.

The German people have realised that a free economic system is the only

to engender national feeling.

Silence

the first commandment of this learned society.

What

the caricaturist trying to depict? Discuss India and the Contemporary World 12 associated with the French Revolution.

Fairy Tales

a familiar name.

The misery of the workers

extreme.

NCERT Thought Questions

• India and the Contemporary World 4
• Fig. 6 — The Club of Thinkers, anonymous caricature dating to c. 1820. The plaque on the left bears the inscription: ‘The most important question of today’s meeting: How
• 17 Nationalism in Europe
• NORTH SEA SCHLESWIG-
• 1858
• Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-82) is perhaps the most celebrated of Italian freedom fighters. He

Related PYQs (2)