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A building permitted for three floors, while being extended illegally to 6 floors by a builder, collapses. As a consequence, a number of innocent labourers including women and children died. These labourers are migrants of different places. The government immediately announced cash relief to the aggrieved families and arrested the builder. Give reasons for such incidents taking place across the country. Suggest measures to prevent their occurrence.

You are a Public Information Officer (PIO) in a government department. You are aware that the RTI Act, 2005 envisages transparency and accountability in administration. The act has functioned as a check on the supposedly arbitrarily administrative behaviour and actions. However, as a PIO you have observed that there are citizens who filed RTI applications not for themselves but on behalf of such stakeholders who purportedly want to have access to information to further their own interests. At the same time there are those RTI activists who routinely file RTI applications and attempt to extort money from the decision makers. This type of RTI activism has affected the functioning of the administration adversely and also possibly jeopardizes the genuineness of the applications which are essentially aimed at getting justice. What measures would you suggest to separate genuine and non-genuine applications? Give merits and demerits of your suggestions.

Early Buddhist Stupa-art, while depicting folk motifs and narratives successfully expounds Buddhist ideals. Elucidate.

Krishnadeva Raya, the King of Vijayanagar, was not only an accomplished scholar himself but was also a great patron of learning and literature. Discuss.

Explain how the Uprising of 1857 constitutes an important watershed in the evolution of British policies towards colonial India.

Discuss the role of women in the freedom struggle especially during the Gandhian phase.

Highlight the differences in the approach of Subhash Chandra Bose and Mahatma Gandhi in the struggle for freedom.

Has the formation of linguistic States strengthened the cause of Indian Unity?

The anti-colonial struggles in West Africa were led by the new elite of Western-educated Africans. Examine.

To what extent globalization has influenced the core of cultural diversity in India? Explain.

An essential condition to eradicate poverty is to liberate the poor from the process of deprivation. Substantiate this statement with suitable examples.

Why are the tribals in India referred to as 'the Scheduled Tribes'? Indicate the major provisions enshrined in the Constitution of India for their upliftment.

With a brief background of quality of urban life in India, introduce the objectives and strategy of the 'Smart City Programme'.

What is the basis of regionalism? Is it that unequal distribution of benefits of development on regional basis eventually promotes regionalism? Substantiate your answer.

Discuss the concept of air mass and explain its role in macro-climatic changes.

The Himalayas are highly prone to landslides. Discuss the causes and suggest suitable measures of mitigation.

The effective management of land and water resources will drastically reduce the human miseries. Explain.

South China Sea has assumed great geopolitical significance in the present context. Comment.

Major cities of India are becoming more vulnerable to flood conditions. Discuss.

Present an account of the Indus Water Treaty and examine its ecological, economic and political implications in the context of changing bilateral relations.